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AASHTO FHD
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AASHTO FHD 1st Edition, May 1, 2004 A Guide to Achieving Flexibility in Highway Design
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Description / Abstract:
introduction
Context-sensitive solutions (CSS) are an emerging concept in highway project planning, design, construction, and maintenance in recent years. CSS reflects the need to consider highway projects as more than transportation. CSS recognizes that a transportation facility, by the way it is integrated within the community, can have far-reaching impacts (positive and negative) beyond its traffic or transportation function. The term CSS therefore refers to an approach or process as much as it does to an actual design or solution.
The term Flexibility in Highway Design was adopted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in their groundbreaking publication (issued in 1997) that demonstrated how agencies could accomplish the objects of CSS within accepted design processes and criteria. The core theme of the FHWA publication was flexibility—in design approaches, use of criteria, execution of design solutions, and incorporation of special or "unique" features:
This Guide [Flexibility in Highway Design] encourages highway designers to expand their consideration in applying the Green Book criteria. It shows that having a process that is open, includes good public involvement, and fosters creative thinking is an essential part of achieving good design.
The terms context-sensitive solutions, context-sensitive design, and flexibility in highway design are used interchangeably by some. Other terms expressing the concepts include place-sensitive design and Thinking Beyond the Pavement. These terms all refer to the same process and result: a highway or transportation project that reflects a community consensus regarding purpose and need, with the features of the project developed to produce an overall solution that balances safety, mobility, and preservation of scenic, aesthetic, historic, and environmental resources.
A national conference sponsored by the Maryland State Highway Administration and FHWA in 1998 produced a definition of context-sensitive design that has been adopted by many:
Context sensitive design asks questions first about the need and purpose of the transportation project, and then equally addresses safety, mobility, and the preservation of scenic, aesthetic, historic, environmental, and other community values. Context sensitive design involves a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach in which citizens are part of the design team.
CSS or flexibility in highway design therefore represents a comprehensive process that attempts to bring all stakeholders together in a positive, proactive environment with the objective being the completion of projects that meet transportation needs and are viewed as improvements or enhancements to the community through preservation efforts and sensitivity to local values. CSS recognizes the need to consider that transportation corridors may be jointly used by motorists, pedestrians, cyclists, and public transit vehicles. In addition to the movement of people, CSS also considers the distribution of goods and the provision of essential services.
The values presented in this guide do not imply that the existing streets and highways are unsafe, nor do they mandate the initiation of improvement projects. This guide is not intended to be a detailed design manual that would supersede the need for the application of sound principles by the knowledgeable design professional, nor is it intended to establish guidelines, criteria, or standards for the design of roadways. The use of the terms guideline or criteria in this document are not to be considered as a substitute or synonym for the word standard.
Context-sensitive solutions (CSS) are an emerging concept in highway project planning, design, construction, and maintenance in recent years. CSS reflects the need to consider highway projects as more than transportation. CSS recognizes that a transportation facility, by the way it is integrated within the community, can have far-reaching impacts (positive and negative) beyond its traffic or transportation function. The term CSS therefore refers to an approach or process as much as it does to an actual design or solution.
The term Flexibility in Highway Design was adopted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in their groundbreaking publication (issued in 1997) that demonstrated how agencies could accomplish the objects of CSS within accepted design processes and criteria. The core theme of the FHWA publication was flexibility—in design approaches, use of criteria, execution of design solutions, and incorporation of special or "unique" features:
This Guide [Flexibility in Highway Design] encourages highway designers to expand their consideration in applying the Green Book criteria. It shows that having a process that is open, includes good public involvement, and fosters creative thinking is an essential part of achieving good design.
The terms context-sensitive solutions, context-sensitive design, and flexibility in highway design are used interchangeably by some. Other terms expressing the concepts include place-sensitive design and Thinking Beyond the Pavement. These terms all refer to the same process and result: a highway or transportation project that reflects a community consensus regarding purpose and need, with the features of the project developed to produce an overall solution that balances safety, mobility, and preservation of scenic, aesthetic, historic, and environmental resources.
A national conference sponsored by the Maryland State Highway Administration and FHWA in 1998 produced a definition of context-sensitive design that has been adopted by many:
Context sensitive design asks questions first about the need and purpose of the transportation project, and then equally addresses safety, mobility, and the preservation of scenic, aesthetic, historic, environmental, and other community values. Context sensitive design involves a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach in which citizens are part of the design team.
CSS or flexibility in highway design therefore represents a comprehensive process that attempts to bring all stakeholders together in a positive, proactive environment with the objective being the completion of projects that meet transportation needs and are viewed as improvements or enhancements to the community through preservation efforts and sensitivity to local values. CSS recognizes the need to consider that transportation corridors may be jointly used by motorists, pedestrians, cyclists, and public transit vehicles. In addition to the movement of people, CSS also considers the distribution of goods and the provision of essential services.
The values presented in this guide do not imply that the existing streets and highways are unsafe, nor do they mandate the initiation of improvement projects. This guide is not intended to be a detailed design manual that would supersede the need for the application of sound principles by the knowledgeable design professional, nor is it intended to establish guidelines, criteria, or standards for the design of roadways. The use of the terms guideline or criteria in this document are not to be considered as a substitute or synonym for the word standard.